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The Andalusians ((スペイン語:andaluces)) are the people of the southern region in Spain approximated by what is now called Andalusia. The Spanish Language Academy recognizes Andalusian Spanish as a distinct dialect.〔Goedde H.W., Hirth L., Benkmann H.G., Pellicer A., Pellicer T., Stahn M., and Singh S. (1972). Population Genetic Studies of Red Cell Enzyme Polymorphisms in Four Spanish Populations. Human Heredity, 22(5-6): 552-560. DOI:10.1159/000152537〕〔Ambrosio, B., Dugoujon, J.M., Hernandez, C., De La Fuente, D., Gonzalez-Matin, A., Fortes-Lima, C.A., Novelletto, A., Rodriguez, J.N., & Calderon, R. (2010). The Andalusian population from Huelva reveals a high diversification of Y-DNA paternal lineages from haplogroup E: Identifying human male movements within the Mediterranean space. Annals of Human Biology, 37(1): 86-107. DOI: 1 0.3109/03014460903229155〕 The Andalusians have a rich culture which includes the Semana Santa (see ''Holy Week in Spain'') and the famous flamenco style of music and dance. Andalusia's own statute of autonomy identifies the region as an "historic nationality" and grants it a high level of devolved political power. The people of Ceuta and Melilla are considered to be Andalusian people, since they have characteristics similar to that of Andalusia, as Andalusian dialect and related traditions. Nevertheless from the Spanish transition, Ceuta and Melilla were separated from Andalusia. == Geographical location and population == Andalusian people live mainly in Spain's eight southernmost provinces: Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga, and Sevilla, which all are part of the region and modern Autonomous Community of Andalucía. In January 2006 the total population of this region stood at 7,849,799; Andalucía is the most populous region of Spain.〔http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/iea/dtbas/dtb06/dtb2006.pdf INSTITUTO DE ESTADÍSTICA DE ANDALUCÍA (2006): ''Andalucía. Datos básicos 2006''. Consejería de Economía y Hacienda, Junta de Andalucía. Page 13〕 In comparison with the rest of Spain, Andalusia population growth has been slower and it continues to be sparsely populated in some rural areas (averaging just 84 inh. per km²). Since 1960, the region's share of total population has declined, despite birth rates being about 40 percent higher than the Spanish average during past decades (currently it is only a 13% higher〔). Between 1951 to 1975, over 1.7 million Andalusian people emigrated out of Andalusia to other areas of Spain.〔Recaño Valverde, Joaquín: ''Ibid''〕 This figure was approximately a 24% of the population of Andalusia as a whole, mostly hitting the countryside areas. The main recipients of this migration were Catalonia (989,256 people of Andalusian origin in 1975), Madrid (330,479) and Valencia (217,636), and to a lesser level, the Basque Country and Balearics. During 1962 to 1974, around 700,000 Andalusians —almost all of them male— moved abroad for economic reasons, mainly originating from the provinces of Granada, Jaén and Córdoba. Their preferred destination were France, West Germany and Switzerland, followed by the United Kingdom, Netherlands and Belgium. There are no official recorded figures for previous decades.〔http://www.ahimsav.com/149-nov_archivos/page0006.htm "El boom migratorio exterior"〕 In South America in the last twenty years of 19th century, over 150,000 Andalusians emigrated to the Americas as a result of crop failures caused by the Phylloxera plague.〔De Mateo Aviles, Elias (1993): ''La Emigración Andaluza a América (1850–1936)''. Editorial Arguval. Málaga, Spain〕 Many Andalusian peasants moved to Brazil to work in the coffee plantations, mainly in rural areas of São Paulo State. Spanish immigrants to Hawai'i who were solicited to work in the sugar industry, arrived in October 1898, numbering 7,735 men, women and children by 1913. Most of them came from Andalusia, home of Don Marin. However, unlike other plantation immigrant groups, the Spanish moved on, and by 1930 only 1,219 remained, including a scant eight children born in Hawai'i. Most Spanish left for the promising fields of California to make higher wages and live among relatives and friends who had settled in greater numbers there. Additionally, Andalusians formed the major component of Spanish colonial immigration to certain parts of Spain's American and Asian empire and the largest group to participate in the colonisation of the Canary Islands. Principally, Andalusians and their descendants predominate in the Canary Islands(Spain), the Caribbean islands (Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and Cuba), and the circum-Caribbean area (Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, the Caribbean coast of Colombia, and in Venezuela). They were also predominant in the Rio de la Plata region of Argentina and Uruguay and in the coastal areas of Chile, Peru, and Ecuador. In Asia, Andalusians predominated in the Spanish population of the Philippines as evidenced by the strong Andalusian character of the former Spanish in the Philippines and Spanish-based creoles, despite the fact that the Philippines were under the colonial supervision of the Vice-royalty of New Spain (Mexico). Additionally, Andalusians who were forced out migrated immediately to North (Morocco-Algeria-Tunisia-Libya-Egypt) and some part of the Othman Empire). To this day, majority of Northern Morocco Population still connect to their Andalusian Land, and they consider part of Morocco to be Andalusia.〔 I am a descendant of Al-Andalus which is the best reference that can be provided.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Andalusians」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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